Internal-combustion engine



11.. A. DOUGLAS INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed July 23, 1924 1Q 2a \24; 16/4/24 I '6,

Jan. 12 ,11926. 1,568,964

Patented Jan. 12, 1926.

UNITED- STATES).

PATENT OF ICE.

i maze. nouems, or nonson, men-rem.

mmnn-courusrron Enema. 1

To all whom it may conceM." A

, Be it known that I, HARRrA. DOUGLAS, a citizen of the United States,residing at Bronson, in the county ofBranch and the State of Michigan,have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Internal-Oombustion Engines, of which therfollowing is a full, clear, concise,and exact deceives the piston.

The invention will be more fully explained in connection with theaccompanying drawing in which Fig. 1 isIa-transverse sectional viewshowing the engine at the initiation of the explosion; Figs. 2, '3, 4and .5 are sectional views illustrating different stages of operation;and Fig. 6 is a sectional view on line 6-6 of Fig. 1.

The invention illustrated includes an externaL cylinder 1 andaninteriorworking cylinder 2. V cally related'and are respectively provlwith adjacent end walls 3 and 4 which, with the vertical walls thereof,define .a fuel re,

, ceiving cham er of variable capacity. A

cylinder 2, this piston be1ng connected miston 5 is reciprocable withinthe inner any suitable way with they engine shaft 6, as by means of thepitman 7 connected at one endwith the wrist pin 8 that is within thepiston and at its other end with thecrank pin 9, carried upon the outerend of the crank 10 that is provided upon the shaft 6.

Mechanism is employed for effecting relative reci rocation of thecylinders. In the preferre embodiment of the. invention, the

inner cylinder 2 is-alone reci rocated, the outer cylinder 1 beingdesira 1y upon the engine crank case 11. from which crank case lubricantis supplied to the wearing surfaces of the cylinders, the piston and thepitman These cylinders are telescodpi-' connections. The mechanismillustrated for reciprocating the inner c linder 2 is inclusive of ablock 12 s line upon the pitman and ressed outwardly by a spring 13surroun ing the pitman and bottomed thereon. The cylinder 2 ispartially-closed b a plug 14 screwed in its inner ,end, a narrow slot 15(Fig. 6) being left, within which the pitman mayplay. The cylinder 2takes the thrust of the spring 13-through the intermediation of the'block 12 and plug 14. The

spring 13 moves the cylinder 2 outwardly upon the first part of theoutward strokeofv this cylinder, the outwardly moving piston engagingthe shoulder '16 in the outer end of the cylinder 2 to complete theoutward movement of the cylinder 2.

The engineillustrated, being a two stroke per cycle engine, explodespreviousl com pressed gaseous fuel and prepares. or the reception of afresh charge of fuel during the downward or inward stroke of the enginepiston. During this downward stroke,

- vacuum is partially effected in the space between I the cylinder end.walls 3 and 4 due to the engagement of the piston with the top side ofplugv 14 that is effected when the pi s- .v

.ton reaches the mid-p0 'ion of its inward or downward movement, thespring 13 then yielding to preserve the normal relation of the pitmanand engine crank. During the first part of this downward movement,vacuum'is effected between the end walls 3 and- 4 of the cylinders. Whenthe inward or downward movement of the piston and of its cylinder 2 arenearing completion, the

rushes into the space between said 0 linder end .v'valls to replace thevacuum, ig. 3. When the intake port is opened, the ort 18 in the innercylinder, through whic compressed fuel was received, as will apear, isplaced in register with the exhaust port 19 that is provided in theouter cylinder 1 so that the piston, in its outward or return movement,may force the expulsion of the spent gas from'the cylinder 2, anoperation known as scavenging. During the scaveng I ing motion of thepiston, the spring 13 is effective to close ports 17 and 18 and toinitiate-the compression of. the fresh fuel in i the space between thecylinder end walls 3" and 1. The compression of the fuel is thereaftermainl effected by the outwardl moving piston ue to its engagement witfuel intake port 17 is opened and the fuel theshoulder of theinnercylinder, Fig.

5. The bore of the cylinder 2 has a lateral recess extension 20 withwhich the port 18 is brought into communication. When the compression ofthe fuel has been completed, the recess at 20 conveys the compressedfuel to the port 18 through which the fuel flows into the interior ofthe c linder 2 between the end wall 4 of this cylinder and the piston,the shoulder 16 maintaining a space in the cylinder 2 for receiving thecompressed fuel.

The compressed fuel thus admitted to the working cylinder 2 is ignitedby any suitable ignition means such as a spark plug 21 whose circuit isgoverned by some engine driven device to cause the sparking andconsequent ignition to occur upon the transfer of the compressed fuel.As illustrated, plug 21 is carried by the outer cylinder 1 in the recess20, although the invention is not to be limited to the assembly of theigniting means directly with the outer cylinder. The fuel is explodedwhile the cylinder end walls are in engagement, the piston being movedinwardly along the inner cylinder until it engages the block 14 carriedby the inner cylinder, with results effected in orderl sequence, ashereto set forth.

C anges may be made without departing from my invention.

Having thus described my invention, I claim z-' i v.

1. An internal-combustion engine including two telescopically relatedcylinders having adjacent portions defining a chamber of variablecapacity, there'being ports for admission of fuel and the exhaustionthereof when spent and for admitting fuel from the chamber of variablecapacity into the inner cylinder, and valving means governed by theengine and governing said ports; a plston in the inner cylinder;yielding motion transmitting mechanism interposed betweenthe enginecrank and the inner cylinder to move this cylinder in a fuel com-'pressing direction; and ignition means in position'to ignite the fuelpassed into the inner cylinder from thechamber of variable capacity."

1. An internal combustion engine including two telescopically relatedcylinders having'adjacent portions defining a chamber of variablecapacity, there being ports for admission'of fueland the exhaustionthereof when spent and for admitting fuel from the chamber of variablecapacity into the inner cylinder and valving means governed. by theengine and governing said ports; a.

piston in the innercylinderymotion transmitting mechanism interposedbetween the engine crank and the inner cylinder to move this cylinder ina fuel compressing direction partially throu bout the compression strokeof thisfcylin er, the piston having lost motion engagement with theinner cylrection of the latter to complete this compression; andignition means in position to ignite the fuel passed into the innercylinder from the chamber of variable capacity.

8. An internal combustion engine including two telescopically relatedcylinders having adjacent portions defining a chamber of variablecapacity, there being ports for admission of fuel and the exhaustionthereof when spent and for admitting fuel from the chamber of variablecapacity into the inner cylinder, and valving means governed by theengine and governing said ports; a piston in the inner cylinder;yielding motion transmitting mechanism interposed between the enginecrank and the inner cylinder to move this cylinder in a fuel compressingdirectionpartially throughout the compression stroke of this cylinder,the piston having'lost motion engagement with the inner cylinder whenmoving in the compressing direction of the latter to complete thecompression; and ignition means in position to ignite the fuel passedinto the inner cylinder from the chamber of variable capacity.

4. An internal combustion engine including two telescopically relatedcylinders having adjacent portions defining a chamber of variable.capacity, there being ports for admission of fuel and the exhaustionthereof when spent and for admitting fuel from the chamber of variablecapacity into the inner cylinder, and valving means governed by theengine and governing said ports; a.piston in the inner cylinder, thepiston having lost motion engagement with the inner cylinder to move itin a compressing direction; and ignition means in position to ignite thefuel passed into the inner cylinder from the chamber of variablecapacity.

5. An internal combustion engine including'two telescopically relatedcylinders having adjacent portions defining a chamber ofvariablecapacity, there being ports for admission of fuel and; theexhaustion thereof when spent and for admitting fuel from the chamber ofvariable capacity into the inner cylinder, and valving means governed bythe engine and governing said ports; a piston in the inner cylinder, theiston having lost motion engagement wit the inner cylinder to move it ina com 'ressing direo tion, and in a reverse direction to enlarge chamberof variable capacity into the inner the engineand -ton in theinnercylinder; motion transmitting mechanism interposed between theencylinder, and valving means governed by vthe engine and governing saidports; a piston in the inner cylinder, the piston having lost motionengagement with the inner cylinder to move it to enlarge said chamber;

and ignition means in position to ignite the fuel passed into the innercylinder from the chamber of variable capacity.

'7. An internal combustion engine including two telescopically relatedcylinders having adjacent portions defining a chamber of variablecapacity, there being ports for admission, of fuel and the-exhaustionthereof when spent and for admitting fuel from the chamber of variablecapacity into the inner cylinder, and valving means governed bygoverning said ports; a pisgine crank and the inner cylinder to movethis cylinder .in a fuel compressing direction, the piston having lostmotion engagement with the inner cylinder to 'move it in a direction toenlarge said chamber and open the intake port; and ignition means inposition to i nite the fuel passed into the inner cylinder rom thechamber of variable capacity.

' 8. An internal combustion engine including two telescopically relatedcylinders having adjacent portions defining a chamber of. variablecapacity, there being ports for admission of fuel and the exhaustionthereof when spent and for admitting fuel from the chamber of variablecapacity into the inner cylinder, and valving means governed by theengine and governing said ports; a piston in the inner cylinder;yielding motion transmitting mechanism interposed between the enginecrank and the inner cylinder to move this cylinder in a ,fuelcompressing direction, the piston having ment with the inner cylinder tomove it in a direction to enlarge said chamber and open the intake port;and ignition means in po- I sition to ignite the fuel passed intotheinner cylinder from the chamber of variable capacity.

v 9. An internal combustion engine including two telescopically relatedcylinders havlost'motion engageof variable capacity, there being portsfor ing adjacent portions defining a, chamber admission of fuel and theexhaustion thereof when spent and for admitting fuel from the chamber ofvariable capacity into-the inner cylinder, and valving means governed bythe engine and governing said ports; a piston in the inner cylinder;motion transmitting mechanism interposed between the en- 10. An internalcombustion engine including two telescopically related cylinders havingadjacent portions defining a chamber of variable capacity, there beingports for admission of fuel and the exhaustion thereof when spent andfor admitting fuel from the" chamber of variable capacity into the innercylinder, and valvin means governed bythe engine and governing saidports; a

piston in the inner cylinder; yielding motion transmitting mechanisminterposed between the engine crank and the inner cylinder to move thiscylinder in a fuel compressing direction partially throughout thecompression stroke of this cylinder, the piston having lost motionengagement with the inner cylinder when moving inthe compressingdirection of the latter to complete the compression and whenmoving inthe, reverse direction to enlarge said chamber and open the inlet port;and ignition means in position to ignite the fuel passed into the innercylinder from the chamber of variable capacity.

my name.

' HARRY A. DOUGLAS.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe

